New Hypertension Guidelines for Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults
"2017 ACC / AHA / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / AGS / APhA / ASH / ASPC / NMA / PCNA guidelines for prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults" is the title of a new guideline related to hypertension which was launched in mid-November 2017
"The American Heart Association, the American College of Cardiology" has developed this new guideline together with 9 other professional organizations through a panel of 21 scientists and health experts who have reviewed systematically according to the standard rules of around 1000 published studies.
This new guideline is the first change in definition after the old guideline has been used for 14 years since 2003.
Hypertension is a "silent killer" because it often attacks without symptoms, and is the second leading cause of death from heart disease and stroke.
In this new guideline, high blood pressure (or hypertension) is defined as:
- systolic blood pressure equal to or more than 130 mmHg, or
- diastolic blood pressure equal to or more than 80 mmHg.
This definition changes from the previous period's definition, which is the same or higher than 140/90. In this new guideline, the category of prehypertension has been removed. By reducing the definition of high blood pressure, this guideline recommends earlier intervention to prevent further increases in blood pressure and hypertension complications.
This guideline emphasizes that high blood pressure (hypertension) or blood pressure 130/80 should be treated as early as possible, starting with normal conditions by improving lifestyle and in some patients with medical treatment.
As such, non-pharmacological lifestyle interventions must be the main treatment approach, starting with the implementation of a healthy diet and regular exercise training.
Recommended lifestyle improvements are:
The new hypertension guidelines also emphasize the importance of using appropriate blood pressure measurement techniques. Blood pressure levels must be based on an average measurement of 2-3 times at least on two different occasions.
Based on 2017 hypertension guidelines, blood pressure is categorized as follows:
"The American Heart Association, the American College of Cardiology" has developed this new guideline together with 9 other professional organizations through a panel of 21 scientists and health experts who have reviewed systematically according to the standard rules of around 1000 published studies.
This new guideline is the first change in definition after the old guideline has been used for 14 years since 2003.
Hypertension is a "silent killer" because it often attacks without symptoms, and is the second leading cause of death from heart disease and stroke.
In this new guideline, high blood pressure (or hypertension) is defined as:
- systolic blood pressure equal to or more than 130 mmHg, or
- diastolic blood pressure equal to or more than 80 mmHg.
This definition changes from the previous period's definition, which is the same or higher than 140/90. In this new guideline, the category of prehypertension has been removed. By reducing the definition of high blood pressure, this guideline recommends earlier intervention to prevent further increases in blood pressure and hypertension complications.
This guideline emphasizes that high blood pressure (hypertension) or blood pressure 130/80 should be treated as early as possible, starting with normal conditions by improving lifestyle and in some patients with medical treatment.
As such, non-pharmacological lifestyle interventions must be the main treatment approach, starting with the implementation of a healthy diet and regular exercise training.
Recommended lifestyle improvements are:
- Implement a healthy diet: by choosing vegetables, fruits that are rich in nutrients, whole grains, low-fat dairy products, which leads to an increase in potassium intake and a decrease in sodium (salt) intake.
- Perform regular physical activity such as:
- Aerobics for 90-150 minutes/week and or resistance training, and/or isometric resistance training 3 sessions per week.
- Reducing or avoiding alcoholic drinks.
- Perform stress management.
- Enough sleep
- Stop smoking for smokers.
The new hypertension guidelines also emphasize the importance of using appropriate blood pressure measurement techniques. Blood pressure levels must be based on an average measurement of 2-3 times at least on two different occasions.
Based on 2017 hypertension guidelines, blood pressure is categorized as follows:
- Normal blood pressure: systolic less than 120 mmHg and diastolic less than 80 mmHg.
- High blood pressure: systolic 120-129 mmHg and diastolic less than 80 mmHg.
- Stage I hypertension: systolic 130-139 mmHg or diastolic 80-89 mmHg.
- Stage II hypertension: systolic ≥140 mmHg or diastolic ≥90 mmHg.
- Hypertensive crisis: systolic more than 180 mmHg and or diastolic more than 120 mmHg (patients need appropriate treatment changes if there is no indication of a problem, or are hospitalized immediately if there are signs of organ damage)
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